5/21/2023 0 Comments Big sur installer![]() These differences are reflected in the full installers for macOS. For Big Sur’s new Sealed System Volume (SSV), there’s too much for Installer scripts to handle: building the bootable system now requires the whole System volume to have a Merkle Tree of cryptographic hashes culminating in the hash to rule them all, the Seal, which is compared against Apple’s requirement then a snapshot is made of that, and the Mac started up from that snapshot. ![]() This became more complex when Apple split the startup volume into System and Data volumes in Catalina. This was made more complex with the arrival of SIP, when Apple necessarily gave itself a special free pass for its installers. ![]() Go back a few major versions of macOS, and all that had to happen to install a macOS update could be accomplished in scripts for the Installer app: it was basically a matter of copying a load of files to the System folder, rebuilding some key items such as the pre-linked kernel, containing both the kernel and all extensions to be loaded during startup, and that was it in a nutshell.
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